NAMMA ATD Lightning Data Table of Contents
The Arrival Time Difference (ATD) Thunderstorm detection system is a low-cost innovation that has grown out of a requirement placed on the Met Office to locate thunderstorms for general weather prediction [public safety], the national Electricity supply Grid and Defense operations. The NAMMA ATD Lightning data was provided by the UK Meteorological Office. These data are derived from multiple outstations, and contain lightning stroke data, latitude and longitude information, as well as accuracy and weighting codes. These data provided lightning coverage for the African Coast during the NAMMA experiment. Time and location was determined by the Arrival Time Difference (ATD) of the reporting stations. CampaignThese data files were generated during support of the NASA African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (NAMMA) campaign, a field research investigation sponsored by the Science Mission Directorate of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). This mission was based in the Cape Verde Islands, 350 miles off the coast of Senegal in west Africa. Commencing in August 2006, NASA scientists employed surface observation networks and aircraft to characterize the evolution and structure of African Easterly Waves (AEWs) and Mesoscale Convective Systems over continental western Africa, and their associated impacts on regional water and energy budgets. For more information about the NAMMA Campaign, go to the NAMMA web site: http://namma.nsstc.nasa.gov/ Network DescriptionThis UK ATD Lightning Detection Network was developed, based on VLF Arrival Time Difference (ATD) principles. At very low frequencies the electromagnetic pulse from the return stroke of a lightning strike is able to propagate over extremely large distances by using the earth-ionosphere waveguide. Thus a network can be designed to cover large areas of the Earth. Each file represents a 24 hour timeframe of lightning data. These data cover the time period of August 14 through September 20, 2006. The files are named according to the example shown below:
where, yyyy is the year, mm is the month, and dd is the day. Data Format and ContentThese data are arranged in ASCII data files, space delimited, and each file supplies data for a 24 hour period of time. Below is the first line of a data file shown as an example. Example data:
Where each column of the ATD Lightning data file is defined below: key to columns:
NOTE: accuracy code(ACC) is 0-15,giving 1, 1.5, 2.25, 3.38, 5.07, 7.6, 11.4, 17.09, 25.63, 38.45, 57.67, 86.5, 129.75, 194.62, 291.93, 437.9 kilometer errors based on the maximum of the ellipse formed by the loci of the detecting stations. ReferencesJ. Nash et. al, Progress in Introducing New Technology sites for the Met Office long range lightning detection system, Paper 2.9 WMO Technical Conference on Meteorological and Environmental Instruments and Methods of Observation (TECO-2005), Instruments and Observing Methods Report No. 82, WMO/TD-No.1265 2. S. Keogh, E. Hibbett, J. Nash and J. Eyre, The Met Office Arrival Time Difference (ATD) system for thunderstorm detection and lightning location. Met Office, Numerical Weather Prediction : Forecasting Research Technical Report No. 488, e-mail:nwp_publications@metoffice.gov.uk Contact InformationQuestions related to these data should be directed to the data provider listed below:
To order these data or for further information, please contact:
|